Athena Rae Roesler is a director on the Public Health team at Milken Institute Health, where she leads a portfolio of work focused on prevention and chronic disease.
Senior Associate, Feeding Change, Milken Institute Health
Julia Hesse-Fong is a senior associate with Feeding Change at the Milken Institute. Before joining the Milken Institute, she completed her Master of Science (MS) in agriculture, food, and environment with a concentration in sustainability and strategy in food systems and business.
Sarah Wells Kocsis is a senior director at the Milken Institute, where she oversees the Public Health programmatic portfolio, focusing on mental health, prevention, chronic disease, health equity, and infrastructure, and is responsible for day-to-day operations.
As the health system evolves to meet rising demand while grappling with workforce shortages, pharmacies are well-positioned to play a greater role in delivering high-quality, community-based care. Despite their accessibility and the effectiveness of highly trained pharmacists, the US health system lacks sustainable mechanisms to integrate pharmacy-based health-care services at scale. Realizing this potential will require modernizing reimbursement models, improving coordination across the system, and creating clearer pathways for service integration.
Advancing Health Through Expanded Access to Pharmacy-Based Care outlines a path forward to better integrate pharmacist-provided health-care services into the broader health ecosystem. The report presents actionable strategies to support scalable, sustainable access by redefining the value of pharmacy-based care, aligning on priority service areas where pharmacists can make the greatest impact, and strengthening the evidence base for broader adoption. It identifies 13 priority services centered on chronic disease prevention and management, mental and behavioral health, and reproductive and sexual health that build on existing pharmacy workflows and address pressing public health needs.
By addressing reimbursement, infrastructure, and policy challenges, stakeholders across the health system can unlock pharmacies’ ability to deliver more coordinated and impactful care to improve the health of communities nationwide.
Interactive Pharmacist Prescriptive Authority Explorer Map
This interactive map compiles detailed information on the current patchwork of pharmacy-based health-care service authorities across the United States. It highlights opportunities for service expansion and advocacy while illustrating the fragmented nature of the pharmacist prescriptive authority policy environment. To view prescriptive authority for a particular service, click on the drop-down menu and select the service of interest. Click on a specific state of interest to view the relevant source.
The information presented in this map is for informational purposes only and reflects the authority landscape as of July 2025. It should not be construed as, or relied upon, for legal advice or guidance. Please consult your attorney regarding the content or interpretation of the information provided prior to use.
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